The federal parliamentary election campaign in December 1964--the first since independence--was contested by two political alliances incorporating all the major parties. 1964 Presidential General Election Results Note: The Google advertisement links below may advocate political positions that this site does not endorse. UPGA candidates were elected in all these constituencies, bringing the NCNC-dominated coalition a total of 108 seats in the House of Representatives. Barry Goldwater, a U.S. senator from Arizona, won several key primary victories against Nelson Rockefeller in a bitter contest and was nominated on the first ballot at the Republican convention in July in San Francisco, California, just two weeks after the Civil Rights Act had been signed. The election is also remembered due to Goldwater's status as a pioneer in the modern conservative movement. Lyndon B. Johnson, Kennedy’s vice president and successor. All episodes of 1964 General Election. In the face of the disorders, the beleaguered Balewa delegated extraordinary powers to the regional governments to deal with the situation. (2001). The primary factor for the Labour victory in 1964 was the Liberal revival. The General Election of 1964 By H. B. BERRINGTON University of Keele [Read before the ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY, on Wednesday, December 16th, 1964, Mr M. J. R. HEALY, Vice-President, in the Chair] "Half the fun of an election is fiddling around with the figures afterwards. The Labour leader, Harold Wilson, entered the 1964 campaign determined to end "13 wasted years" under the Tories. The populist Wilson seemed to reflect the public mood for change. The Conservative leader, Sir Alec Douglas-Home, was widely perceived as a distant, awkward aristocrat. Goldwater made moral leadership a major theme of his campaign. The 1964 United Kingdom general election happened on 15 October 1964. Despite the bloody and calculated character of the coup, these sentiments appealed directly to younger, educated Nigerians in all parts of the country. MFDP member and black activist Fannie Lou Hamer—who earlier had famously declared, “I’m sick and tired of being sick and tired”—made an impassioned plea to the credentials committee: If the Freedom Democratic Party is not seated now, I question America. The 1964 United King­dom gen­eral election was held on 15 Oc­to­ber 1964, five years after the pre­vi­ous elec­tion, and thir­teen years after the Con­ser­v­a­tive Party, … Further research confirms that this is indeed where and when the leaflet was circulated. In January 1966, army officers attempted to seize power. By this time, Azikiwe and the prime minister were scarcely on speaking terms, and there were suggestions that Nigeria's armed forces should restore order. This book reviews the history of British general elections since 1964, charting the changes in voters and parties at every step. var setNptTechAdblockerCookie = function(adblocker) { Its appeal to voters outside the north was based essentially on the advantages to be gained from associating with the party in power. For an account of the constraints to which broadcasting was subject and of the broadcasters' ingenuity at circumvention, see Day, Day By Day Day, Robin . Ironsi and his advisers favored a unitary form of government, which they thought would eliminate the intransigent regionalism that had been the stumbling block to political and economic progress. var script = document.createElement("script"); Johnson also successfully painted his opponent, Republican Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona, as a right-wing legislator who wanted to abolish the social welfare programs created in the 1930s (such as Social Security). Ultimately, the conservatives secured the nomination of Sen. Barry M. Goldwater, who lost by a landslide to Pres. ill do the last 3 parts of this today and if i have time part 2 of 1970 By the time of the 1964 general election, the Conservative Party had been in power for 13 years. Since Prime Minister Harold Macmillan's election victory in 1959, Conservative fortunes had plummeted. The buoyant economy that led to Macmillan's election was faltering by 1961. Is this America, the land of the free and the home of the brave, where we have to sleep with our telephones off the hooks because our lives be threatened daily, because we want to live as decent human beings, in America?”. Former BBC Director General Sir Hugh Greene, pictured, said Mr Wilson feared broadcasting Steptoe and Son on the 1964 election night could end up costing the Labour Party 20 seats … The future of Britain’s independent nuclear deterrent remains a controversial subject. Button from Lyndon B. Johnson's 1964 U.S. presidential campaign. United States presidential election of 1964, American presidential election held on November 3, 1964, in which Democratic Pres. The failure of the military government to prosecute Igbo officers responsible for murdering northern leaders stirred animosities further. Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The United States presidential election of 1964 was the sixth-most lopsided presidential election in the history of the United States behind the elections of 1936, 1984, 1972, 1864, and 1980 (in terms of electoral votes; in terms of popular vote, it was the fifth-most). All Rights Reserved. During the spring Alabama Gov. script.setAttribute("async", true); your all so paitent i forgot all about this. With these factors working for him, Johnson easily won the Presidency, carrying 44 of the 50 states and the District of Columbia. 1964 UK General Election results, including electorate, turnout, majority and archive film. The boycott had failed to stop the election, and in March 1965 supplementary elections were held in those areas in the Eastern Region and in Lagos where the boycott had been honored. Lyndon B. Johnson defeated Republican Barry Goldwater in one of the largest landslides in U.S. history. Who was “first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen”? A young and relatively obscure officer serving as army chief of staff, Gowon had not been involved in the coup, but he enjoyed wide support among northern troops who subsequently insisted that he be given a position in the ruling body. Two Suns of the Southwest boldly juxtaposes the divergent visions offered by Barry Goldwater and Lyndon Johnson during the 1964 presidential campaign. Johnson won 61.1% of the national popular vote, which remains the highest popular-vote percentage won by a U.S.presidential candidate since 1820. with most of the coverage of the 1964 general election. The Muslim officers named thirty-one-year- old Lieutenant Colonel (later Major General) Yakubu "Jack" Gowon, a Christian from a small ethnic group (the Anga) in the middle belt, as a compromise candidate to head the FMG. "true" : "false") + "; expires=" + d.toUTCString() + "; path=/"; The 1964 General Election Campaign Video Collection 2 Mar 2019 at 18:38 Political Resource; Harold Wilson; General Election Video Collection . The United Kingdom general election of 1964 was won by the Labour Party with an overall majority of four seats.. On November 27 he addressed a joint session of Congress and, invoking the memory of the martyred president, urged the passage of Kennedy’s legislative agenda, which had been stalled in congressional committees. Johnson placed greatest importance on Kennedy’s civil rights bill, which became the focus of his efforts during the first months of his presidency. The mushroom cloud was then followed by Johnson’s voice, saying that “these are the stakes” in the election. When Republican supporters of Goldwater declared,…, …in severe turmoil at their 1964 convention, where moderates and conservatives battled for control of the party. A total of 27 candidates contested the election. During the primary campaign in California, Rockefeller cast the conservative Goldwater as a risky choice, asking in a mailing, “Who do you want in the room with the H-bomb button?” Resurrecting Rockefeller’s line of attack, the Democrats produced the so-called Daisy ad, one of the most powerful television advertisements in presidential election history, which showed a little girl in a field picking flower petals. Amid widespread charges of voting irregularities, Akintola's NNDP, supported by its NPC ally, scored an impressive victory in November. At the Democratic convention in late August in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Johnson was renominated, along with Minnesota Sen. Hubert H. Humphrey as his running mate. @media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) { This program analyzes the 1964 general election in Great Britain. including analysis from Ian Trethowan, David Butler and Robert McKenzie, and with interviews from Robin Day, … The British General Election of 1964 For an account of the constraints to which broadcasting was subject and of the broadcasters' ingenuity at circumvention, see Day, Day By Day. 1964 General Election (1964) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. General elections were held in Saint Lucia on 25 June 1964 for the 10-seat Legislative Council. Part 2. Once more NCNC strategy failed. Although foreign affairs had not been a central issue in much of the campaign, American military involvement in Vietnam did weigh heavily on Johnson. And now, at last, the general election presents us with the exciting prospect of achieving it. The NNA elected 198 candidates, of whom 162 represented the NPC, from the 261 constituencies returning results. One of 15 volumes in the Nuffield Studies Series, chronicling the British General Elections from 1945-1992 - the most comprehensive and celebrated study ever published on the UK's post-war elections. His first act was to repeal the Ironsi decree and to restore federalism, a step followed by the release of Awolowo and Enahoro from prison. John F. Kennedy in Dallas. For most of the period since the end of the American Civil War in 1865, the Democratic Party dominated what came to be known as the “Solid South,” easily winning Southern states in most presidential elections. Abstract. The Liberal revival of the early 1960s gave the party good reason for optimism about the 1964 general election. SITE MAP, Overview & Live Results: Alabama and New Hampshire State House Special Elections, First Look: 2022 Midterm Election Calendar, Overview and Live Results: State House Special Elections in California, Texas, Number of Electors reaches 538; has remained there to this day. Updates? The NNA preyed on Yoruba fears of Igbo domination of the federal government. Many northerners feared that Ironsi intended to deprive them of power and to consolidate further an Igbo-dominated centralized state. The 1964 General Election Reconsidered. The UPGA was employed in an attempt by the NCNC to use the two regional governments that it controlled as a springboard to domination of the federal government. Indeed, a poll in June had indicated that more than three-fifths of rank-and-file Republicans favoured William Scranton, governor of Pennsylvania, for the party nomination. Previous Chapter Next Chapter. In a move widely interpreted as an appeal to the “backlash,” Goldwater placed heavy emphasis during his campaign on lawlessness and crime in big cities. script.setAttribute("onerror", "setNptTechAdblockerCookie(true);"); Conservative PEBs. The boycott was effective in the Eastern Region, where polling places did not open in fifty-one constituencies that had more than one candidate running for office. There were extensive protests, including considerable grumbling among senior army officials, at the apparent perversion of the democratic process. Andrew Holt History Department, University of Exeter. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The United Kingdom general election of 1964 was won by the Labour Party with an overall majority of four seats. Although the decree contained a number of concessions to regional interests, including protection of northerners from southern competition in the civil service, Ironsi's action showed dangerous disregard for the nuances of regional politics and badly misjudged the intensity of ethnic sensitivities in the aftermath of the bloody coup. For the results of the previous election, see United States presidential election of 1960. If successful, the NPC-dominated NNA still would have controlled the House of Representatives, but it would have given the predominantly southern UPGA a majority in the Senate, whose members were chosen by the regional legislatures. document.cookie = "__adblocker=" + (adblocker ? ... Citizens of the United States vote in each state at a general election to choose a slate of "electors" pledged to vote for a party's candidate. It resulted in the Conservatives, led by the current Prime Minister Alec Douglas-Home losing. A chance to relive the historic General Election of 1964 presented by Richard Dimbleby. Answer the following questions to see who you should vote for in the 1964 Presidential election. Charles led St. Lucia Labour Party (SLP) presented a full slate of 10 candidates, while the United Workers … Ironsi, also an Igbo, suspended the constitution, dissolved all legislative bodies, banned political parties, and as an interim measure formed a Federal Military Government (FMG) to prepare the country for a return to civilian rule at an unspecified date. Clerks and Returning Officers announce the seats for Mid-Ulster, North Antrim and East Belfast in the 1964 general election. A decree issued in March abolished the federation and unified the federal and regional civil services. Ticket for the 1964 Democratic National Convention in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Elections, 4th ed. After his election as party leader, the lead increased to 15.5 per cent. Use this in-depth quiz to make every day Presidents’ Day by testing your knowledge of U.S. presidents and first ladies. George C. Wallace, an opponent of racial integration, had entered primaries in a number of Northern states in an effort to demonstrate the existence of a Northern white anti-civil rights “backlash” vote. In a well-coordinated action, the conspirators, most of whom were Igbo, assassinated Balewa in Lagos, Akintola in Ibadan, and Bello in Kaduna, as well as senior officers of northern origin. The UPGA proposed to divide the country into states that reflected ethnicity. The Nigerian National Alliance (NNA) was composed of the NPC, Akintola's Western-based Nigerian National Democratic Party, and opposition parties representing ethnic minorities in the Midwestern and Eastern regions. Not surprisingly, the NNA adopted a platform that reflected the views of the northern political elite and, hence, was an attempt by the NPC to gain firmer control of federal politics through an alliance with the Western Region. The George F.L. A chance to relive the historic General Election of 1964 presented by Richard Dimbleby, with interviews by Robin Day, Cliff Michelmore and Sir David Frost. During the campaign Johnson portrayed himself as level-headed and reliable and suggested that Goldwater was a reckless extremist who might lead the country into a nuclear war. var d = new Date(); Goldwater did poorly in traditionally Republican areas, but, largely on the basis of Goldwater’s opposition to the civil rights bill and his promotion of states’ rights, he carried Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina, in addition to his home state of Arizona. As of 2009, Johnson's 22.6 percentage point-margin of victory in the popular vote is the fifth-largest such margin in Presidential election history (after the margins of the 1920 election, 1924 election, 1936 election, and 1972 election). Posts Tagged: 1964 General Election Lewis Baston: Election gambles that worked. United States presidential election of 1964, https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1964, History Central - United States Presidential Election of 1964, Maps of World - U.S. Presidential Election 1964, U.S. presidential election of 1964: Democratic National Convention, United States presidential election of 1960, United States presidential election of 1968. The first book to look at a succession of British general elections in significant detail. Goldwater’s nomination was not without controversy, since many Republican moderates considered Goldwater outside the party mainstream; at the convention Rockefeller received a loud chorus of boos as he spoke. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. General Election Results - 7 December 1964: General elections were held in British Guiana on 7 December 1964. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(script); which is the last one to be presented by Richard Dimbleby (8 more parts to come) Shortly before the Republican Convention, he had alienated moderate and liberal Republicans by his vote against the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which Johnson supported following Kennedy's death and signed into law. And those that never were, such as 1978, 1991 and 2007. The date is given as 1966, but David Pitt in fact stood in Clapham in the 1970 general election. Lyndon B. Johnson taking the presidential oath of office, flanked by Jacqueline Kennedy (right) and Lady Bird Johnson, aboard Air Force One after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, Nov. 22, 1963. 1964 Labour Party Election Manifesto "The New Britain" The world wants it and would welcome it. Image, adapted from Dr. Strangelove (1964). Troops of northern origin, who made up the bulk of the infantry, became increasingly restive. The United States presidential election of 1964 was the sixth-most lopsided presidential election in the history of the United States behind the elections of 1936, 1984, 1972, 1864, and 1980 (in terms of electoral votes; in terms of popular vote, it was the fifth-most). In June mobs in the northern cities, abetted by local officials, carried out a pogrom against resident Igbo, massacring several hundred people and destroying Igbo-owned property. In other constituencies in the region, UPGA candidates ran unopposed. Lyndon B. Johnson defeated Republican Barry Goldwater in one of the largest landslides in U.S. history.  By the time of the 1964 General Election, the coverage of politics had acquired a truly national audience. Strategically it offered a reformist program, combining a planned economy that endorsed increased public spending while also encouraging private enterprise. Goldwater selected Rep. William E. Miller of New York as his running mate. PRIVACY Presidential REGISTRATION FOR 1962 GENERAL ELECTION . In the tempestuous days after the assassination, Johnson helped to calm national hysteria and ensure continuity in the presidency. By the time of the 1964 general election, the Conservative Party had been in power for 13 years. The 1964 election occurred just less than one year after the assassination of Pres. Even then the UPGA was not satisfied and called on its supporters to boycott the election. The British General Election of 1964, London: Macmillan. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The elections followed constitutional reforms and the re-establishment of the House of Assembly, which had been abolished in 1953, replacing the bicameral Legislature. Likewise, many Muslims saw the military decrees as Christianinspired attempts to undermine emirate government. U.S. Pres. Nuclear Weapons and the 50th Anniversary of the 1964 General Election. For the results of the subsequent election, see United States presidential election of 1968. As a result, this is a very minor factor that did not directly affect the dominant reason for the election of the new Labour government: the decline of Tory support. …national trauma, and in the election of 1964 he won a landslide victory over his Republican opponent, the conservative senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona. Archive footage of the 1964 General Election results programme presented by Richard Dimbleby. Labour won the 1964 election by a hair’s breadth, with a majority of just 4 seats. } In the absence of Azikiwe, who was undergoing treatment in a London hospital, Balewa's shaken cabinet resigned, leaving the reins of authority to the armed forces. The convention, however, was the scene of a major civil rights controversy. He appointed military governors in each region and assigned officers to ministerial positions, instructing them to implement sweeping institutional reforms. GENERAL ELECTION HELD NOVEMBER 3, 1964 Page 1 We, the undersigned, constituting the State Board of Canvassers met in the office of the Secretary of State on November 23, 1964, for the purpose of canvassing the votes of the General Election held November 3, 1964, and … document.cookie = "__adblocker=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; path=/"; The election was postponed for several weeks because of discrepancies between the number of names on voting rolls and on census returns. In a public proclamation, the coup leaders pledged to establish a strong and efficient government committed to a progressive program and eventually to new elections. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar] , 156–84 (chapter written by Brian Harrison). LBJ advocated more such programs, and after 1965, instituted three: Medicare, Medicaid, and the War on Poverty. The election was held on 15 October 1964, just over five years after the previous election, and 13 years after the Conservative Party had retaken power. ABOUT US Some northern leaders spoke seriously of secession. It was in this vein that the Leader of the opposition Labour Party, and one of the most celebrated of the new generation of televisual politicians, Harold Wilson went to see the BBC's Director-General Hugh Greene on the eve of the 1964 General Election... A t Belfast City Hall, Ulster Unionist Jim Kilfedder celebrates his general election win for the West Belfast seat. Corrections? Its Conservative MP, Peter Griffiths, had been elected in the previous year’s general election on the slogan “If you want a nigger for a neighbour, vote … Furthermore, Ironsi was vulnerable to accusations of favoritism toward the Igbo. Johnson’s support of civil rights legislation, however, began the process that would eventually push the South consistently into the Republican column. Omissions? If the General Strike had deflected politics from the running ethnic and regional conflict to a fresh line of cleavage, this effect was shortlived. The UPGA became the official opposition. The British people want it, deserve it and urgently need it. Goldwater's … script.setAttribute("src", "//www.npttech.com/advertising.js"); The phrase “New Frontier” is associated with which U.S. president? United States presidential election of 1964, American presidential election held on November 3, 1964, in which Democratic Pres. To gain a majority, it was thought Labour would need a swing from the Conservatives of around 5%, as Robert McKenzie’s famous swingometer showed here … As she counts up, a countdown begins that leads to a nuclear mushroom cloud, an allusion to Goldwater’s past statements that nuclear bombs might be used tactically in Vietnam. The election was held on 15 October 1964, just over five years after the previous election, and 13 years after the Conservative Party had entered power. The army's commander in chief, Major General Johnson Aguiyi Ironsi, quickly intervened to restore discipline within the army. A compromise was worked out for the MFDP to take two seats, but the MFDP refused, and eventually most of the official Mississippi Democratic Party delegation left the convention, since they refused to support Johnson against Goldwater. Atlas Forum Image Code for Maps: County, Tnd, Swg; Blog Interactive Map Widget Code for This Contest (uselectionatlas.org Weblogs)Data Sources: Source for Popular Vote data: Kansas Secretary of State, "General Election, November 3, 1964 For Electors of President and Vice President," Election Statistics (Topeka, 1965) Source for Population data: U.S. Census Bureau. They vowed to stamp out corruption and to suppress violence. Harold Wilson talking about when, as Leader of the Opposition, in 1964 he had visited Hugh Greene to get an episode of Steptoe and Son scheduled for Polling Day moved to later in the evening. Sir Hugh Greene tells his side of the story. 1964 General Election. The 1964 United Kingdom general election was held on 15 October 1964, five years after the previous election, and thirteen years after the Conservative Party, at first led by Winston Churchill, had come to power. More importantly, the Democrats gained 38 seats in the House of Representatives that year, enough to override the conservative bloc and enact a body of liberal…, In the presidential election of 1964, Johnson was opposed by conservative Republican Barry Goldwater. (function(src){var a=document.createElement("script");a.type="text/javascript";a.async=true;a.src=src;var b=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];b.parentNode.insertBefore(a,b)})("//experience.tinypass.com/xbuilder/experience/load?aid=bYdYZQml5V"); The federal parliamentary election campaign in December 1964--the first since independence--was contested by two political alliances incorporating all the major parties. As the campaign for the Federal Election heated up during the second half of 1964, all of the energy of Nigerian politics was sucked into the vortex of ethnoregional conflict. Fri 3rd Oct 2008, 10:00 on BBC Parliament. 1964 Presidential Quiz. And those that failed – like May’s this year. Although Goldwater had been successful in rallying conservatives, he was unable to broaden his base of support for the general election. By 1968 the party’s moderate faction regained…. © 2021 Electoral Ventures LLC. The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP), a largely African American group, challenged the credentials of the all-white Mississippi regular Democratic delegation (who had been elected in a discriminatory poll). Broadcast 1964-10-22 Topics Global Affairs Politics and Government Media type Sound Duration 00:13:43 Embed Code In early 1964, the Governor, Sir Richard Luyt, began making preparations for the elections to be held in December 1964 under the new system of proportional representation. After an embarrassing delay, President Azikiwe agreed to ask Balewa to form a government with the NNA majority. The ad ran only once but synthesized in many people’s minds the view that Goldwater was too extreme for the presidency. Wilson became (at the time) the youngest Prime Minister since Lord Ros… It was opposed by the United Progressive Grand Alliance (UPGA), which joined the NCNC and the remnants of the Action Group with two minority-based northern allies, the Northern Elements Progressive Union and the United Middle Belt Congress. #ga-ad {display: none;} President Lyndon B. Johnson had come to office less than a year earlier following the assassination of his predecessor, John F. Kennedy, and Johnson had successfully associated himself with Kennedy's popularity. Election Tools. In July northern officers and army units staged a countercoup, during which Ironsi and a number of other Igbo officers were killed. 1964 General Election The Labour Party had been leading the Conservative Party in the monthly Gallup poll from August 1961. "-Time Magazine. 11-07-2011 03:28:54 ZULU. Convinced that it would win if the election were held in an atmosphere free from interference by ruling parties in the Northern Region and the Western Region, the UPGA spent most of its efforts denouncing what it regarded as NNA intentions to rig the election in those regions. Campaign speech by George Brown. Lyndon B. Johnson preparing to sign the Civil Rights Act during a ceremony at the White House on July 2, 1964. Igbo civil servants and merchants residing in the north made the situation even worse through their triumphant support for the coup. Quintin Hogg on Labour. 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Of New York as his running mate that worked or other sources if you have to... 2 Mar 2019 at 18:38 political Resource ; Harold Wilson, entered the 1964 general in! Returning results his election as Party leader, the conservatives, led by the current Prime Alec., north Antrim and East Belfast in the modern Conservative movement 1964 general election Brian ). Supported by its NPC ally, scored an impressive victory in November U.S. presidential election of 1964, presidential. And politicians, London: Macmillan the United States presidential election of 1964 was the 45th quadrennial election.It! Constituencies Returning results the British general elections in significant detail months after the assassination Pres... Video Collection Macmillan 's election was postponed for several weeks because of discrepancies between the number other. 10:00 on BBC Parliament the primary factor for the presidency, carrying 44 of the federal regional. 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