(2.15). Scriptures are meant to lead and guide us on the spiritual path. It is not a joyous ferryboat ride, but a very difficult path to tread like the sharp edge of a sword. Death is like a rest area where the individual soul changes vehicles and the journey continues. One who knows the Truth does not let the shadow of personal gain fall on the path of duty. Bhagavad Gita portrays hundreds of examples where it teaches about how one needs to keep calm and think through to use logic over emotions, even in the worst of times. That doesn’t negate all the instructions about selfless work, and detachment from the results of our act When one has no desire for the pleasure of victory, one is not affected by the pain of defeat. There would be no opportunities if there were no problems. The Supreme Being is the ultimate Reality and truth, knowledge and consciousness, and is limitless and blissful (TaU 2.01.01). In this chapter, Lord Krishna reveals how spiritual knowledge can be received and the paths of action and wisdom to be taken. (2.26-27). Those who have tasted the nectar of unity with the Supreme Being no longer find enjoyment in the lower-level sensual pleasures. The Spirit by whom with this entire universe is pervaded is indestructible. Therefore, duty should be performed with detached attachment. To work without expecting success or good results would be meaningless, but to be fully prepared for the unexpected should be an important part of any planning. The reality of these two is indeed certainly seen by the seers of truth. The unreal (Asat, body, creation) has a temporary (or Mithya) existence and the real (Sat, Atma) always exists. To the Western reader much of the discussion seems childish and illogical; but these elements are mingled with passages of undeniable sublimity. (2.67). Harry Bhalla says: A farmer has control over how he works his land, yet no control over the harvest. (2.30), Considering also your duty as a warrior, you should not waver because there is nothing more auspicious for a warrior than a righteous war. The righteous war may be waged even against our own evil-doer kith and kin (RV 6.75.19). Mukti means the complete destruction of all impressions of desires from the causal body. The word ‘yoga’ has also been defined in the following verses of the Gita: 2.50, 2.53, 6.04, 6.08, 6.19, 6.23, 6.29, 6.31, 6.32, and 6.47. Peace is born in the womb of war. It is better to die for a right cause and acquire the grace of sacrifice than to die an ordinary but compulsory death. It represents many strata of religious belief. (2.60). Meditation is more than just shutting one’s eyes and repeating a mantra or word symbol. Some look upon this Spirit as a wonder, another describes it as wonderful, and others hear of it as a wonder. Our physical body is subject to birth, growth, maturity, reproduction, decay, and death; whereas the Self is eternal, indestructible, pure, unique, all knower, substratum, unchangeable, self-luminous, the cause of all causes, all pervading, unaffectable, immutable, and inexplicable. KarmaYogis are freed from the bondage of rebirth due to renouncing (attachment to) the fruits of all work, and they attain a blissful divine state of salvation or Nirvana. Rituals have played a great role in spiritual life, but they have been greatly abused. If one dies without conquering the great enemy---desires---one has to reincarnate to fight this enemy again and again till victory (MB 12.16.24). This verse means that we should not expect only favorable results of our choices and should accept all results as Prasada (Grace) from God. NOTE: The Self (or Atma) is also called soul or consciousness and is the source of life and the cosmic power behind the body-mind complex. This dilemma can be solved by developing a hobby of selfless service to a noble cause of one’s choice, never letting greed for the fruits dilute the purity of action. In other words, we should learn how live for Krishna and thus getting the mercy of Krishna. Nothing can hurt one if the mind can be trained to with stand the impulse of the pairs of opposites---joys and sorrows, pains and pleasures, loss and gain. (2.01), Lord Krishna said: How has the dejection come to you at this juncture? Freedom from fear and sorrow 2. A yogi is always aware of the Spirit about which others are unaware. The Bhagavad-Gita ("Song of the Blessed One"), one of the best-known Hindu texts, is itself only a section of the Mahabharata, one of the Indian epics. It is getting out of body-consciousness and attaining a state of Self-consciousness. The human body and the universe both have a temporary existence, but appear permanent at first sight. This subtle craving also completely disappears from one who knows the Supreme Being. Many obstacles, distractions, and failures come on the path to help the devotee become stronger and more advanced on the path, just like iron is turned into steel by alternate heating, cooling, and hammering. A sage who sees is unaware of the experience of sense objects about which others are aware. Pleasure comes after pain, and pain is followed again by pleasure. Webster defines Atman or Atma as the 'World Soul', from which all souls derive and the Supreme Abode to which they return. Death is the separation of the subtle body from the physical body. (2.35), Your enemies will speak many unmentionable words and scorn your ability. This chapter also summarizes the contents of the Gita. The benefits of reading the Gita, according to the Gita itself, are: Freedom from fear and sorrow Attaining Visnu Padam (the state of Vishnu, the omnipresent preserver.) (2.70) Torrents of the river of desire can carry away the mind of a materialistic person as a river carries away wood and other objects in its path. The highest philosophy of pure monism is the topmost rung of the ladder. O Arjuna, this is the superconscious state of mind. One should not be confused because different methods are not meant to confuse, but one should choose wisely. Einstein said: Opportunity lies in the middle of difficulties. Those who work only to enjoy the fruits of their labor are unhappy (because one has no control over the results). It is night for the yogi who sees when all others are wakeful. Therefore, the scriptures suggest one should not mourn, but pray for several days after the person’s death for salvation of the departed soul. (2.51), When your intellect shall completely overcome the mire of delusion (regarding Self and non-Self), then you will become indifferent to what has been heard and what is yet to be heard (from the scriptures). This is called Prasada Buddhi, BuddhiYoga, KarmaYoga and surrendering to His Will. The individual soul becomes blissful and filled with joy after knowing God. One has to discover this fact personally in life. A valiant person must fight with the spirit of a warrior---with a will and determination for victory---and without any compromise with the forces of evil and difficulties. Without Self-perception there is no peace, and without peace there can be no happiness. It is said that expert guidance of a guru, the spiritual counselor, should be sought during a moment of crisis or to overcome the perplexities of life. Find your way in the darkness of the night of adversity with the torch of the scriptures and faith in God. Rise above these three modes, be ever Self-conscious and free from the tyranny of pairs of opposites. NOTE: 'Dharma' may be defined as the eternal law governing, upholding, and supporting creation and the world order. One falls down from the right path when reasoning is destroyed. Therefore, you should not mourn for anybody. KarmaYoga is defined as doing one’s duty while maintaining equanimity under all circumstances. People’s temperaments are different due to differences in their stages of spiritual development and understanding. (2.03), Arjuna said: How shall I strike my grandfather, my guru, and all other relatives---who are worthy of my respect---with arrows in battle, O Krishna? We should not even wish to live after killing our cousin brothers who are standing in front of us. One is given the power and the ability to do one’s respective duty in life, but one is not free to choose the desired results. BhagavadGita.io is a modern Bhagavad Gita app with a simple, beautiful and easy to use interface , helping you focus on reading. Rebirth is the result of their action. Chapter wise Srimad Bhagavad Gita in PDF format Bhagavad Gita by Jaya Row Crisis Management - A Case Study of Arjuna`s Rescue, Relief and Rehabilitation by Sri Krishna In this chapter, Lord Krishna tells us about the absolute reality, why it is difficult to overcome Maya and the four types of people that are attracted to and opposed to divinity. Therefore, get up with a determination to fight, O Arjuna. The right outlook on life develops when we fully understand that we have the ability to put our best effort into all endeavors, but we cannot pick the results of our work. The Bhagavad Gita informs us that the world is made of two intertwined entities: the material (prakriti) and the spiritual (purusha). The senses were designed only to comprehend physical objects. Not to oppose an evil is to indirectly support it. (2.62), Delusion or wrong ideas arise from anger. In this Chapter, Lord Krishna reveals his manifestations as Arjuna prays to him to describe more of his 'opulences' and Krishna explains the most prominent ones. In this Chapter, Lord Krishna talks us how the our material existence is created, prevaded, maintained and destroyed by divine powers, the sovereign science and secret. 1.Freedom from fear and sorrow 2.Attaining Vishnu Padam (the state of Vishnu, the omnipresent preserver.) (2.40). Everything, except Atma, is considered second order of Reality, Asat (Mithya), changeable or unreal. (2.53) Non-scriptural reading or reading of different philosophical writings is bound to create confusion. One attains peace when all desires dissipate within the mind without creating any mental disturbance, just as river waters enter the full ocean without creating any disturbance. Attaining this state, one is no longer deluded. The secret art of living a meaningful life is to be intensely active without any motive, as stated below: Do your duty to the best of your ability, O Arjuna, with your mind attached to the Lord, abandoning attachment to the results, and remaining calm in both success and failure. (2.63), A disciplined person, enjoying sense objects with senses that are under control and free from attachments and aversions, attains tranquility. Just as in a deam a king becomes beggar, or a pauper becomes king of heaven, yet on waking one does not gain or loose anything, so must one look upon this world. Swami Karmananda says: The essence of KarmaYoga is to go to work just to please the creator; mentally renounce the fruits of all action; and let God take care of the results. All sorrows are destroyed upon attainment of tranquility. No one can destroy the imperishable Spirit. The desire for fruit takes one to the dark alley of sin and prevents one’s real growth. Success in any undertaking becomes easier if one works hard without being bothered by the outcome. If you read Bhagavad-gita daily, you will get the benefit of performing ashvamedha sacrifice. Acting only in one’s own self-interest is sinful. The word, Bhagavad means God and Gita means a song which together makes it as “The song of God” . When your mind, which is confused by hearing conflicting opinions and doctrines, shall stay steady and firm on the Supreme Being, then you shall become united with God in deep meditation. In this chapter, Lord Krishna delivers a stern talk to Arjuna about the duties every member of the society needs to carry out. During the centuries in which Buddhism was establishing itself in the east of India, the older Brahmanism in the west was undergoing the changes which resulted in the Hinduism which is now the prevailing religion of India. The mind can never be fully trusted. Two types of people are happy in this world: those who are completely ignorant and those who are truly wise. Sudden gain of money and wealth- If a beneficial planet is positioned in the eighth house of a horoscope, there are strong chances of sudden and unexpected gain of money and wealth. With faith, one gets in touch with the inner strength and can easily tackle any tough situation. Dexterity or skillfulness in work lies in not getting bound by the bonds of one’s Karma or worldly duty. Sorrow is only a prelude to happiness and vice versa. (2.50). Bhagavad Gita informs us that we are tiny divine particles having the same quality as that of the Absolute divinity – Lord Krishna. This is not fit for a person of noble mind and deeds. Lord Krishna is urging Arjuna to fight---but not to kill wantonly---in order to establish peace and law and order on earth as a matter of a warrior's duty. The intellect of such a tranquil person soon becomes completely steady and united with the Supreme. (2.33), People will talk about your disgrace for a long time. The game cannot continue if the pairs of opposites are altogether eliminated. I am providing here a link on my blog to an excerpt of an introductory chapter of a book that critically evaluates the social and cultural impact of Bhagavad Gita (BG) on India. The Bhagavad-Gita," of which a translation is here given, occurs as an episode in the Mahabharata, and is regarded as one of the gems of Hindu literature. The bird of righteousness cannot be confined in the cage of personal gain. It is the highest spiritual technique that needs to be practised diligently and devotedly by qualified practitioners. The human mind is ever ready to deceive and play tricks. The science of transcendental knowledge has been imparted to you, O Arjuna. The mind is like an unruly horse that needs to be broken in. (2.18), The Spirit is neither born, nor does it die at any time. A KarmaYogi has resolute determination for God-realization only, but the desires of one who works to enjoy the fruits of work are endless. According to mother Sarda, desires for knowledge, devotion, and salvation cannot be classed as desires because they are higher desires. Lord Krishna said: When one is completely free from all desires of the mind and is satisfied with the bliss of knowing the Supreme Being, then one is called an enlightened person, O Arjuna. (2.21), Just as a person puts on new garments after discarding the old ones, similarly the living entity or the individual soul acquires other new bodies after casting away the old bodies. Stress is produced when fruit or goal becomes more important than the work itself due to ego. (2) Bhagavad Gita must be read allotting sufficient time for it. (2.55). I learned these six things: 1. (2.17), The physical bodies of the eternal, immutable, and incomprehensible Spirit are mortal. To the honorable, dishonor is worse than death. Knowing the Spirit as such, you should not grieve for the physical body. But he cannot expect a harvest if he does not work his land. Whosoever helps and supports an aggressor is also an aggressor. (2.14), Because a calm person---who is not afflicted by these sense objects and is steady in pain and pleasure---becomes fit for salvation. Ascetics keep awake or detached in the night of mundane existence of life because they are in quest of the highest truth. Never let the mind roam unwatched into the realm of sensuality. Destiny is born out of crisis. no one can destroy the imperishable Spirit. This is the starting verse of the theory of KarmaYoga, the main theme of the Gita. The few and rare critical reviews of the Gita. Dharma and selfishness cannot stay together. In this Chapter, Lord Krishna tells us about the three divisions of faith and how these different qualities determine that character of human beings and their consciousness in this world. I am Your disciple, and I take refuge in You. It is what makes us alive. The myopia of short-term, personal gain, caused by ignorance of metaphysics, is the root of all evils in society and the world. It is unborn, eternal, permanent, and primeval. In this chapter, Lord Krishna talks about 'astanga yoga,' and how to practice it so one may gain mastery of the mind reveal their spiritual nature. Gain superior strength and knowledge in devotional service by reciting and hearing the divine conversation between Krsna and Arjuna. One should not get discouraged by failures, but carry on with determination. (2.56), The mind and intellect become steady in a person who is not attached to anything (but Self), who is neither elated by getting desired results nor perturbed by undesired results. It also means way of life, doctrine, principle, prescribed duty, righteousness, right action, integrity, ideal conduct, custom, virtue, nature, essential quality, commandments, moral principles, spiritual truth, spirituality, spiritual values, and a function within the scriptural injunction or religion. The best way to purify the senses and control them perfectly like a tortoise, is to engage them in the service of God at all times. A person without control over the mind and senses drifts like a ship without its rudder, becomes a reactor instead of an actor, and develops negative Karma. (2.72). Lamentation is due to attachment, and attachment binds the individual soul to the wheel of transmigration. Good and evil, pain and pleasure will always exist. Gaining this state, even at the end of one’s life, a person attains the very goal of human life by becoming one with God. The phenomenal world cannot exist without the pairs of opposites. What is considered real by a yogi is of no value for a worldly person. The promise of material benefits of Vedic rituals is like the promise of candy to a child by the mother to induce him or her to take the medicine of detachment from the material life; it is necessary in most instances. (2.37), Treating pleasure and pain, gain and loss, and victory and defeat alike, engage yourself in the battle. This comprehensive lesson plan includes 30 daily lessons, 180 multiple choice questions, 20 essay questions, 20 fun activities, and more - everything you need to teach The Bhagavad Gita! Reasoning is destroyed when the mind is bewildered. Sorrow exists because the desire for happiness exists. BhagavadGita.io is a modern Bhagavad Gita app with a simple, beautiful and easy to use interface , helping you focus on reading. Such persons enjoy the joy of selfless service that ultimately leads them to the bliss of salvation. The material body or the world is unreal and transitory; it undergoes changes, and the soul is real. Therefore, different schools of thought are necessary to suit different individuals, as well as the same individual as he or she grows and develops. The wise always keep vigilance over the mind. Life is a continuous battle between the forces of evil and goodness. The fire will go out if no more wood is added to it (MB 12.17.05). We crave for relationships – but all of them are … Shake off this trivial weakness of your heart and get up for the battle, O Arjuna. Thus, all those who supported Kauravas were basically aggressors and deserved to be eliminated. Just as our body exists in space, similarly our thoughts, intellect, emotions, and psyche exist in the Self, the space of consciousness. Lord Krishna and Lord Buddha both disapproved the misuse of Vedic rituals, not the rituals as such. Rules for best benefits from Bhagavad Gita Even if someone listens Gita with faith, he will get benefits. Remain tranquil and unconcerned with the thoughts of acquisition and preservation of material objects. Unauthorized killing is punishable in all circumstances: A life for life. It is the eternal relationship between the creator and His creatures. The main ancient sources of information with regard to these Hindu beliefs and practises are the two great epics, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. While most people sleep and make dream plans in the night of the illusory world, a yogi keeps awake because he or she is detached from the world while living in it. (2.07). Translated from Original Sanskrit by Sir Edwin Arnold. International Gita Society Established 1984. The International Gita Society offers the teachings of the Bhagavad-Gita though PDF & audio in multiple languages ... discussed in the above verse, is sinless. The wise should wholeheartedly welcome pleasure and pain, joy and sorrow, without becoming discouraged (MB 12.174.39). (See also 2.48, 6.03, 10.10, and 18.57) (2.49), A KarmaYogi or the selfless person becomes free from both vice and virtue in this life itself. It is eternal, all-pervading, changeless, immovable, and primeval. It is also called the Unified Field, Supreme Spirit, Divine Person, and Total Consciousness that is responsible for the sense perceptions in all living beings by functioning through mind and intellect. (2.54) The answers to all of the above questions are given by Lord Krishna in verses 2.55-59 of this chapter. All schools and cults are necessary. (2.44). If you regularly recite two chapters of Bhagavad-gita every day with conviction, you will become eligible to live on the planet of Indra for a kalpa (1 kalpa = 4320000000 human years). It takes two to play a game. Chaitanya Charan Das is a celibate spiritual teacher at ISKCON Pune. (2.12), The contacts of the senses with sense objects give rise to the feelings of heat and cold, and pain and pleasure. (2.04). (2.41), The ignorant ones who delight in the melodious chanting of the Vedas---without understanding the real purpose of the Vedas---think, O Arjuna, there is nothing else in the Vedas except the rituals for the sole purpose of obtaining heavenly enjoyment. Subhamoy Das is the co-author of "Applied Hinduism: Ancient Wisdom for Today's World." Scriptures become dispensable after enlightenment. It is said that the highest freedom is the freedom from becoming free. (2.68), A yogi, the person of self-restraint, remains wakeful when it is night for all others. Be cleared of offences you’ve committed in worshiping the Deity. A KarmaYogi works with love for the Lord as a matter of duty without a desire for the fruits of work or attachment to the results, and becomes free from all fear. The word ‘Atma’ has been also used in the ‘Gita’ for the lower self (body, mind, and senses), psyche, intellect, soul, spirit, subtle senses, oneself, ego, heart, human beings, Eternal Being (Brahma), Absolute Truth, individual soul, and the supersoul or the supreme Self, depending on the context. 3.When done together with Pranayama (breath-control exercises),sins of even past births are cleared. One has to be very alert and closely witness the wanderings of the mind. The part of the Mahabharata preceding the Bhagavad-Gita catalogues the strife between two branches of a royal family, and the Gita is set just before the battle that destroys these families. (2.43), The resolute determination for God-realization is not possible for those ignorant ones who are attached to pleasure and power and whose judgment is obscured by ritualistic activities for fulfillment of material desires. In Vedic culture, gurus, the elderly, honorable personalities, and all other superiors are to be respected. (2.22). Krishna spoke Bhagavad Gita to give all living entities the chance to return to Him in His spiritual abode, and this is the best way to do it. The righteous war is not a religious war against the followers of other religions. Benefits of Reading the BHAGWAT GITA 1. "It is," says Hopkins, "a medley of beliefs as to the relation of spirit and matter, and other secondary matters; it is uncertain in its tone in regard to the comparative efficacy of action and inaction, and in regard to the practical man's means of salvation; but it is at one with itself in its fundamental thesis, that all things are each a part of one Lord, that men and gods are but manifestations of the One Divine Spirit.". Therefore, O Arjuna, one’s intellect becomes steady when the senses are completely withdrawn from sense objects. Be read allotting sufficient time for it always exist this point in regard to killing human beings or other. 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