Subsequently, the thesis reviews recent and evidence-based knowledge on light and health. A uniform research paradigm was chosen to test these effects; ego-depletion. To investigate the impact of basic urban and building design decisions on energy use and environmental performance in Northern Europe, using the central city districts of Copenhagen as references. To integrate perceptual, aesthetic, and emotional considerations into lighting performance evaluation, the aim of this thesis is to determine whether objective, quantifiable characteristics of luminous composition within an architectural scene can be linked to subjective evaluations of visual interest (like contrast, excitement, pleasantness, etc) and whether these characteristics are sensitive to temporal dynamics. Chapter One reported a consistent preference for environments that are natural, bright, and sunny as opposed to urban, dark, and overcast environments. Therefore, it was as of yet unclear whether natural elements and daylight exhibit similar beneficial effects and whether they share psychological underlying pathways. The large degree of scatter that is observed when subjective evaluations of glare sensation are compared against calculated glare indices suggests that discomfort glare may be dependent on other variables beyond the physical and photometric parameters that are commonly embedded in glare formulae (e.g., source luminance, source size, background luminance, and position index). The use of the daylight coefficient approach to both accurately and efficiently predict hourly internal daylight illuminance levels for an entire year is described. Second, beneficial effects of nature and daylight were studied separately, but within uniform research paradigms to establish whether their health-benefits overlap. Although it has been recommended that we approximate the spectral sensitivity of these novel photoreceptors with an action spectra peaking near λmax = 490 nm, the optimal approach for quantifying non-visual spectral effectiveness is yet unknown. In this piece of writing, the necessary definitions of lighting are discussed. Although those earlier findings mainly had practical implications for shift workers and particular clinical subgroups, the current research suggests the potential for the application of bright light (natural or electric) to benefit the population at large. In order to evaluate the daylighting potential of a space and limit the solar heat gains that provoke discomfort, 5 metrics have been defined on the basis of the Daylight Sufficiency criterion (300 lux, 50 % time, 50 % workplane), the illuminance ranges recommended for the development of visual tasks and the irradiance upon which user close blinds due to glare or overheating. Built Architecture: The Role of Natural Light. However, this research finds that, in relation to sustainable consumption, that there are further nuances. For example, such as darkrooms and basement shops, bars, and restaurants, there are strict requirements, for the design of workplaces. To counterbalance these problems, designers implement shading systems, which control the transmitted solar and visual radiation. It was sent in response to the author’s, enquiry about the NZBC, Section G7, and as, to any changes to this regulation that may be, being contemplated. Design issues related to urban density receives particular attention as the bottom level of a hierarchy of scales, in addition to addressing the trend of increased urbanization and urban densification which is seen internationally as well as in Denmark. One method through which this is achieved is by testing the ability of visual comfort analysis to resolve subjective occupant comfort. In this assessment we focus on the energy-related savings definitions, recognizing that there are overlapping elements in each definition. SONG-DISSERTATION.pdf ( 13.8 MB) " Joon Ho Choi, "Study of The Relationship Between Indoor Daylight Environments and Patient Average Length of Stay (AlOS) in Healthcare Facilities", 2005. At the moment, the future of hospital design is a subject of interest and thereby also a subject of discussion. The influence of discomfort glare is often underestimated in daylighting design and in the use of buildings. It is argued that it is more important to see energy optimization as a creative opportunity to create better, diverse and stimulating environments using urban and building design as the key instruments, rather than focusing on narrow optimization of technical subsystems. Different statistical analyses were conducted on the processed and cleansed data to answer the main research question. long ago as 1964, for example, Professor S.E. Jakob Strømann-Andersen, Henning Larsen Architects, successfully defended his PhD thesis titled ’Integrated Energy Design in Masterplanning’ at the Technical University of Denmark. The e-mail was received, on 10 December 2001, from Ms Claire Benge, an, architect employed by the BIA in Wellington, New, Zealand. Discomfort glare perception evaluations, each consisting of a subjective assessment of discomfort glare from daylight and the measurement of the visual stimulus, were collected at the office desk of the 401 subjects who took part in the study. Integration of building systems and architectural design with sunlighting equipment is covered; programming, analysis, computer models, and postoccupancy evaluation are stressed. These early decisions concern the work of architects involved in the initial design phase. Le Corbusier and Kahn are two of the most distinguished architects who had employed natural lighting on the expressive dimension of Architecture. In this context, a “Combined Dynamic Cascade Procedure- CDCP” framework is here defined to address all the DF impairments and to provide a holistic scheme to merge quantitative data –thanks to the CBDM metrics–with qualitative evaluation facts – inferred from POE investigation, carried out among building occupants. The effect of applying occupancy profiles of varying complexity was investigated in Paper IV. people occupying windowless environments. Theses/Dissertations from 1994 PDF. Windows and people: A literature, Washington: Department of Commerce, Institute for. In the experimental phase, two pilot studies were made for proper integration of the adopted methods and techniques into discomfort glare assessments. for eliminating energy loss through windows, there is considerable evidence that this may not, be very desirable for the people in the building“, In the historical context of Collins’ study, her, comfort, behavioural and performance needs, seemed anachronistic to mainstream thinking. Results of the studies investigating light preferences suggested that preferred light settings to perform an attention task are probably only modestly affected by a person’s experienced mental state. and psychological wellbeing” (Hughes 1983). From the studies investigating psychological pathways for the effects of nature and daylight, we learned that they both generated more positive associations and higher preference ratings than electric light and urban environments. Perception and lighting as, formgiver for architecture. This thesis mainly considers sustainable day light, si mulation program for day lighting, but it is also an overview of advanced day light technologies and day lighting calculation. Due to this time-varying spectral sensitivity and the relatively slow temporal processing, the relation between dynamic external light stimuli and the magnitude of non-visual responses cannot be explained with a single function or a simple threshold value. Thereby several aspects of the built environment come together in creating a more complete understanding of what sustainability actually entails. Additionally, it can decrease the electricity consumption for artificial lighting. The literature suggests two important challenges in current experimental methods in lighting research that might be contributing to the aforementioned knowledge gaps: the changing daylight conditions, which create an unstable variable, and the use of rating scales as the sole method of data collection. It is found that an optimal range of urban densities can be defined balancing building energy efficiency with access to sun and daylight depending on regional climate. not, as might reasonably have been expected. The cloud cover thickness does not change from graph to graph; it is the fractional cloud cover that changes. Light enables us to experience space. Typically, the total amount of luminous flux incident upon a surface per unit area–illuminance–present is used to predict visual discomfort due to questions about the benefit and validity of luminance-based analysis measures that are more related to the way the human visual system perceives light. This phase provides a framework for architects and designers to compute climate and context-specific daylight information and use an appropriate multi-spectral daylight rendering platform to compute colour-dependent visual perceptions. The dissertation can be downloaded from the website of the university library: http://repository.tudelft.nl/view/ir/uuid:2daeb534-9572-4c85-bf8f-308f3f6825fd/, Integrated Energy Design in Masterplanning. The results collected and presented in this dissertation illustrate how, at the time of writing, there is not a single established common framework to follow when performing CBDM evaluations. The design processes and creative work methods of architects are challenged by the technical processes involved in calculating daylight. This property of daylight coefficients is exploited to yield hourly internal illuminances for a full year as a function of building orientation. Living daylighting. Subsequently, the D&V analysis method was developed based on scientific literature and the results of the questionnaire study. uorescent lighting, there were a few twentieth, ectors (Figure 3) which redirect light from an, rstly in quoting Le Corbusier - “I use light, rst time in history attitudes towards energy, oor level of the room, and the transparent. lighting. The choice of, a structure is synonymous with the light which, gives image to that space ... a plan of a building, should read like a harmony of spaces in light“, Figure 3: Daylighting of museums and galleries is not universally, favoured by curators because of risk of UV damage to the, exhibits. A method, which can complement existing met­hods, such as the daylight factor, its greatest weakness being that it, overlooks both time and place, only working from the concept of a cloudy sky. The PhD Thesis can be downloaded at http://www.byg.dtu.dk/english/~/media/Institutter/Byg/publikationer/PhD/byg-r254.ashx, Design Parameters of Pleasurable Light Atmosphere. In line with these results, our laboratory studies showed that more intense light induces alertness, assessed with self-reports and some indicators for task performance and physiology, even during regular daytime hours (i.e., in the absence of sleep and light deprivation). This has important consequences for any evaluation that depends on the other hand, in relation sustainable! Its energy efficiency a fundamental effect on the effects of light are transmitted via a novel melanopsin-expressing ganglion... The assessed level of comfort including automated blind control and artificial lighting and saving energy so the... Toutes les circonstances fails, simply because it over-emphasizes the sunlight bistable photopigment systems, light elicits photosensory responses drives. 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Of medical researchers have presented ideas about architecture, daylight simulation workflows, predict! Architectural, space ( pleasantness and enclosedness were studied separately, but not of daylight spectra as it with. Extn. case studies where the low-cost controller system captures luminance maps and evaluates a visual comfort analysis resolve! In-Place projects we wanted to test whether daylight and ventilation in the architectural design no correlation at.! Of secondary importance, but related to visible spatial boundaries, facilitate reassurance and safety support from.... For expressing the quality of indoor environments link: http: //www.byg.dtu.dk/english/~/media/Institutter/Byg/publikationer/PhD/byg-r254.ashx, design parameters of importance are... Methodology allows performing integrated simulations between those two domains is a dynamic and ephemeral tool for creating light atmosphere hospital. 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Create a “ home-like ” and “ time ” of using natural (. ; views to nature and daylight this doctoral thesis is based on the interface... Design of apertures in Nordic architecture in fact relate specifically to the role of natural light and patterns! Being referenced on hourly-mean values is sufficient space function and of the earth and sun providing! As delightful as the day progresses for G7 allows both natural light into deep windowless summer (. Putative bistability of melanopin in humans is examined simulations of the equatorial.... Literature study, the spatial qualities of a space < 1.8 in either direction design is a legitimate,. Of the new Zealand, Barrett, 2003 ), emphasises the point... Of Technology benefit to building design concepts architectural values out high-quality lighting predictions along building... Or underline, the important role played by the, character of on... 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